- Where
- The far south-west of Vietnam, from the edge of Ho Chi Minh City to the Gulf of Thailand and the Cambodian border. Vietnamese call it Miền Tây, 'the West', or Cửu Long, 'Nine Dragons', after the nine mouths through which the river used to reach the sea. Two have silted up or been dammed, so seven are left.
- Size
- About 40,000 km², roughly 12% of Vietnam, and home to around 17 million people. Most of the land lies less than two metres above sea level.
- The river
- The Mekong rises on the Tibetan Plateau and crosses China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia before it reaches Vietnam, more than 4,300 km later. Here it splits into two main branches, the Tien and the Hau, and thousands of canals.
- Farming
- About half of Vietnam's rice and nearly all of the rice the country exports, around 70% of its fruit and about 65% of its fish and shrimp.
- People
- Four cultures share the delta: Vietnamese (Kinh), Khmer, Chinese (Hoa) and Cham. That is why you find gilded Khmer pagodas in Tra Vinh and Soc Trang, mosques around Chau Doc and Chinese temples in every market town.
- New names
- Since 1 July 2025 the delta's twelve provinces and one city have been merged into five: Can Tho (with Soc Trang and Hau Giang), Vinh Long (with Ben Tre and Tra Vinh), Dong Thap (with Tien Giang), An Giang (with Kien Giang) and Ca Mau (with Bac Lieu). Long An joined Tay Ninh. Everyone still uses the old names, and so does this guide.
- Getting there
- By road. Expressways now run from Saigon to Can Tho (about 170 km, 3 hours) and, since January 2026, on to Ca Mau. The Rach Mieu 2 bridge, opened in August 2025, removed the worst traffic jam on the way to Ben Tre. Limousine vans and sleeper buses leave all day, and the Mien Tay bus station serves the whole region. Can Tho also has an airport, with flights from Hanoi and Da Nang.
- Best time
- December to April is dry and easiest. May to August is fruit season, with a shower most afternoons. From September to November the upper delta floods gently. Locals call this mùa nước nổi, the floating season, and it is the most photogenic time around Chau Doc and Dong Thap.
- How long
- One day from Saigon gives you a taste of My Tho and Ben Tre. Two or three nights gets you to the parts with no tour buses.
- Honest note
- The floating markets are shrinking as roads replace boats. Cai Rang in Can Tho is still a real wholesale market, but it is much smaller than ten years ago and is over by 8 am. Be on the water at 5:30, or skip it.